The four volume of the Russian Aviation Colours series.Books describe the history of the little-known emblems and distinctive markings of Russian military aviation from its early origins up to the Russian exit from World War One. The authors have managed to collect, and in some cases partially reconstruct, most emblems and signs used in Russia during this period by military aviation units. The collected material is presented in a clear and attractive form - colour plates, reconstructed logos, and original photographs from public and private archives. This profusely illustrated book covers all the aircraft used, with brief details of their service use and comprehensive details of the colours and markings they carried. Besides the many photographs, full colour profiles illustrate the markings applied. Detailed colour notes and precise descriptions and illustration of national markings over the period complete a book that will be invaluable to aircraft enthusiasts, historians and modellers. Vol 4 describes aircraft used by aviation units which were fighting against Soviets.